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Ulcers: What You Should Know
An ulcer is an open sore in the digestive tract,” says Stephen Johnson, MD, gastroenterologist with Jefferson Medical Associates. Most ulcers are found in the stomach and top of the small intestine. When stomach acid comes in contact with an ulcer, it can become quite painful. With treatment, most ulcers heal in one to two months. The most serious problems occur when there is bleeding from the stomach and when the ulcer breaks through the stomach or intestinal wall.
What Causes an Ulcer?
Most ulcers are caused by a bacterium called H. pylori. Excess stomach acid makes the situation worse. Certain medicines, such as the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs prescribed for arthritis, also can cause ulcers. The following also play a role in developing an ulcer:
- Smoking
- Drinking
- Caffeine—from coffee, tea, or cola drinks
- Stress
What are the Symptoms?
The most common symptom is pain in the upper abdomen—the area around the stomach—especially when the stomach is empty. You may also have the pain after eating, especially if you eat something that upsets your stomach. Other possible symptoms include nausea, vomiting, and burping.
What Do I Do if I Have an Ulcer?
Most ulcers can be treated at home. If your ulcer starts to bleed, however, you will probably have to go to the hospital. With treatment, your ulcer will usually heal without any problems. Your doctor may prescribe antibiotics, drugs that block acid production, and regular antacids. You will probably have to take several different drugs at different times each day. Be sure to follow directions exactly. Don’t stop taking the medicines on your own, even if you’re feeling better. Without proper care, however, you may develop a bleeding ulcer or other problems that require surgery.
Here are some other tips for taking care of your ulcer:
- Try to keep something in your stomach. Eat several small meals at regular times during the day. Missing meals and eating irregularly can make your symptoms worse.
- Avoid foods and beverages that upset your stomach. These may include acidic foods, carbonated beverages, beer and other alcoholic drinks, tea, and coffee.
- Don’t take aspirin or ibuprofen. They may cause bleeding. You may use acetaminophen.
- Don’t smoke. Smokers are more likely to develop ulcers, and their ulcers take longer to heal and are more likely to recur.
- Try to reduce the stress in your life. Seek professional counseling if necessary.
- Rest as much as possible. You may resume your normal activities when you feel better.
For more information about ulcers, call Jefferson Medical Associates at 649-2863.
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